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John Francis Stanley Russell, 2nd Earl Russell, known as Frank Russell (12 August 1865 – 3 March 1931), was the elder surviving son of Viscount and Viscountess Amberley, and was raised by his paternal grandparents after his unconventional parents both died young. He was the grandson of the former prime minister John Russell, 1st Earl Russell and elder brother of the philosopher Bertrand Russell. He was married three times, lastly to Elizabeth von Arnim, who caricatured him in her novel ''Vera''.〔Erica Brown. (Literary Encyclopedia: Elizabeth von Arnim (1866-1941) ).〕 Despite his landmark achievements in other respects, this Earl Russell is most famous for being tried for bigamy in 1901, after which he was known to Edwardian society as the "Wicked Earl". ==Marital history== Frank Russell was twice divorced, and separated permanently from his third and last wife three years after they married. He also had extramarital affairs. His first wife was Mary Edith Scott (Mabel). They married in 1890. Mabel tried to divorce him (and lost) in 1891, then sued for restoration of conjugal rights in 1894. The Earl was granted a judicial separation in 1895, but she appealed and it was overturned. His mother-in-law also tried to harass him and was convicted of libel in 1897.〔("LADY SCOTT TO BE RELEASED.; Her Eight Months in Holloway for Libeling Earl Russell Expired." ) ''The New York Times'' 15 July 1897. This Lady Selina Scott was not (Lady Selina Bond, née Scott (d. 1891) ), sister of the 3rd Earl of Eldon and wife of Nathaniel Bond.〕 Mabel, Countess Russell made her living by singing on the variety stage even while she was married to Frank Russell. Russell next married Marion Cooke (born c. 1857-1858),〔http://www.ianwatson.org/personal_genealogy.html〕 a twice-divorced daughter of an Irish master-shoemaker, and former wife of George John Somerville, in the United States in 1900, after establishing domicile in that country and obtaining a divorce in Nevada. The British authorities considered such a divorce invalid,〔( "EARL RUSSELL ARRESTED His Nevada Marriage Results in a Charge of Bigamy." ) ''The New York Times, 18 June 1901.''〕 and Lord Russell was arrested and was convicted of bigamy in the House of Lords on 18 July 1901. He was sentenced to only three months in prison on account of the "extreme torture" he had suffered in his first marriage.〔( "EARL RUSSELL CONVICTED; Pleads Guilty to Charge of Bigamy Before ..." ) ''The New York Times'', 19 July 1901.〕 The first Countess Russell had already obtained a divorce, and he married Mrs Somerville on 31 October 1901, three days after it became absolute. His second wife divorced him in 1915, after obtaining an annual income for life, suggesting some collusion.〔Ian Watson. "(Mollie, Countess Russell )", ''Russell: the Journal of Bertrand Russell Studies'' 23 (2003): 65-68. Watson points out that she received a large annual income, payable from the rents of Telegraph House, sold by her brother-in-law Bertrand in 1937.〕 Russell married thirdly the novelist Elizabeth von Arnim (née Mary Annette Beauchamp), widow of Count Henning August von Arnim-Schlagenthin (d. 1910), the next year. Von Arnim, who had a three-year affair with H.G. Wells, ended her relationship with Wells when his other lover Rebecca West became pregnant. She became involved with Russell in 1914 and married him on 11 February 1916.〔C.D. Merriman. ("Elizabeth von Arnim: Biography and Works" )〕〔Erica Brown. (Literary Encyclopedia: Elizabeth von Arnim (1866-1941) ). Brown says that Elizabeth would have been happy to have continued the affair, but Frank Russell wanted to divorce his second wife and marry her.〕 The marriage failed quickly and acrimoniously, and the couple separated in 1919. However, they never divorced. At the start of the Second World War von Arnim moved to the United States, where she died in 1941.〔(''The Enchanted April'' ) NYRB Classics〕 Earl Russell had no children, but his second and third marriages brought him several stepchildren. His second wife Marion had one son by her first husband and two sons by her second husband. His third wife Elizabeth had five children by her first husband. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Frank Russell, 2nd Earl Russell」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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